diff --git a/internal/driver/ioscompanion/hierarchymap_test.go b/internal/driver/ioscompanion/hierarchymap_test.go
index f87409d..e6268b5 100644
--- a/internal/driver/ioscompanion/hierarchymap_test.go
+++ b/internal/driver/ioscompanion/hierarchymap_test.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/priyanshujain/sanderling/internal/hierarchy"
@@ -243,3 +244,17 @@ func TestHasUnresolvedValues(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestMapHierarchySentinelValueMapsAsEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	dump := `[{"type":"TextField","AXUniqueId":"F","AXLabel":"Email","AXValue":"Invalid","frame":{"x":0,"y":0,"width":10,"height":10},"enabled":true}]`
+	mapped, err := MapHierarchy([]byte(dump), 100, 100)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(string(mapped), "Invalid") {
+		t.Fatalf("sentinel leaked into mapped tree: %s", mapped)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(string(mapped), "hintText") {
+		t.Fatalf("empty editable field should map label to hintText: %s", mapped)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/driver/ioscompanion/input_test.go b/internal/driver/ioscompanion/input_test.go
index 02d4035..0f82055 100644
--- a/internal/driver/ioscompanion/input_test.go
+++ b/internal/driver/ioscompanion/input_test.go
@@ -384,3 +384,22 @@ func TestUsesPasteboardThreshold(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestPasteLandedMaskedSecureField(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		dump string
+		want bool
+	}{
+		{name: "all bullets counts as landed", dump: `[{"type":"TextField","AXUniqueId":"PW","AXValue":"•••••"}]`, want: true},
+		{name: "empty secure field not landed", dump: `[{"type":"TextField","AXUniqueId":"PW","AXValue":""}]`, want: false},
+		{name: "mixed bullets and text not masked", dump: `[{"type":"TextField","AXUniqueId":"PW","AXValue":"••a"}]`, want: false},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := pasteLanded([]byte(c.dump), "PW", "secret9"); got != c.want {
+				t.Fatalf("got %v, want %v", got, c.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}